Improvement in looms



BSheets-Sheetl.

E. B. BIG-BLOW,

- LOOM.

No.177,9Z0. Patented May 30,1876.

W/TNESS'ES; /NVENTOR; (7mm 5% a, 195)? N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

EShee'ts-Sheet 3. E. B. BIGELOW.

Y Loom. 77,9z V Patented. Ma so, 1876.

[IL Q10 M/ T/vEssEs MENTOR. y 5W aa7 m NPETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER WASHINGTONv D. C.

6 Sheets-Sheet 4. E. B. BIGELOW.

LOOM. v N ,177,9Z0, Patented May 30,1876.

Pie. 4.

MPETERS, FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

grams 9% 6 Sheets-Sheet 6. E. B. BIGELYOW.

. LOOM. V No.177,920. Patented. May 30,1876.

Pie. 9. 7610.

NfETERs, PNOTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. n 0.

UNIT D STATES PATENT orrron.

E RASTUS B. BIGEL OW, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT m LOOMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 177,920, dated May 30, 1876; application filed March 1, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERASTUS BRIGHAM BIGELOW, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk of which the following is a specification:

My invention is particularly applicable to looms for weaving Brussels carpets, but may be used advantageously in looms for weaving other fabrics. It consists of several parts, which are related to certain operations of the loom, respectively, as follows, viz: to the mode of operating and of counterbalancing the comberboard; to the mode of operating the lay; to the mode of holding the pile-wires in position after they are inserted in the shed of the warp, and of preventing injury to the shuttle; and to the mode of stopping the loom when a pilewire fails of proper insertion, or when the filling is unsupplied. V

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, represent my invention, and such other parts of the loom as are necessary-to exemplify it.

Figure 1 is a front elevation Fig. 2, a righthand end elevation, Fig. 3, a left-hand'end elevation, and Fig. 4 a plan, the other figures being detached views of certain parts of the mechanism. V

The loom-frame is marked a, the drivingshaft Z1, the lay-shaft c, and the cam-shaft d, the three shafts designated being geared together, as is usual.

The mode of operating and of counterbalancing the comber-board will now be described. It is clearly shown in Fig. 5, which is a longitudinal section of the loom, looking toward the left. The comber-board is marked 6, and may be constructed and guided in its lip-anddown movement. by grooved stands f, as is usual. To its under side, and near each end, a stand, 9, is affixed, to whichthe upper ends of lifting-bars h are respectively jointed, while the lower ends of said lifting-bars are jointed to their respective lever-arms t, which extend from the front side of a shaft, j, which is supported by, and is capable of oscillating in,

stands in, affixed to the loom-frame. From 'the rear side of the shaft j two lever-arms, I, extend, to which a counterbalancaweight, m,

is affixed. v For convenienceflsometimes place the Weight below the floor on which the 100111 stands, and suspend it by chains affixed to the upper ends of the segments of the leverarms. The shaft j is oscillated, to elevate and depress the comber-boar'd, by two cams, n and 0, carried by the cam-shaft d, before designated, which cams act on their respective camrollers 19 and g at the outer ends of lever-arms r and s, affixed to the shaft j. The comberboard, as is well known, is employed to raise the lower portion of the jacquard-harness and the weights suspended therefrom; and as the mode of mounting the jacquard-harness is well understood by weavers, it is deemed unnecessary to represent it in the drawings. When the comber-board descends to its lowest position,and leaves the knots of the harness-cords, the harness-cords are left suspended from the jacquard-machine, and made tense by their respective weights; then, when the comberboard is elevated, it raises the weights, and allows the upper portion of the harness-cords to hang loosely. It will thus be seen that the.

weight of the harness is alternately shifted from the jacquard-machine to the comberboard, and vice versa, according as the comber-board is elevated or depressed. The comber-board is elevated by the cam n, and is depressed by the weight of the harness while it rests upon it; but when the comber-board leaves the knots of the harness-cords, and the weight of the harness is shifted from the comber-board to the jacquard machine, as above explained, the cam 0 takes the pressure of the counterbalance-weight, and continues its upward movement until the (somber-board has completed its descent; then, atthe proper stage of the operation, the cam it again elevates the comber-board, the weight m co-opcrating to the extent to which it counterbalances the weight of the harness.

The mode of operating the lay will now be described. The object of this part of my invention is to give to the lay a differential movement, whereby it moves more slowly while the shuttle is thrown, and more quickly during the other part of its operation, thus enabling the loom to be run at increased speed. It is particularly applicable toa lay having a double-beat movement. The lay may be of the usual construction, and in the drawings affixed to said shaft.

' ported by the frame of the loom. seen that by this mechanism the movement is marked 6 'and the wire-head}.

its swords are marked t and its race-beam a.

It is vibrated by an oscillating-shaft, '0, which the crank-wrist being imparted to the shaft through the medium of a connecting-baryb stud c and depending lever-arm d, which is Heretofore the crankwrist z and stud 0 have been connected by a rigid bar,-as represented and described in my Letters Patent for improvement in looms, dated the 18th day of January, 1876. present improvement consists in making the connecting-bar in two parts, I) and c and jointing them at f and supporting the joint by a depending arm, 9 which is capable ofvibrating on a stud, h, which is firmly sup- It will be of the lay at the time the shuttle is thrown will be slowed and accelerated'in proportion as the deflection of the connecting-bar varies the distance between the crank-wrist z and the I stud c The mode of holding the pile-wires in position after they are inserted in the shed of the warp, and of preventing injury to the shuttle, may be understood as follows: The heads of the pile-wires are formed with a recess, into i which the holding-bar enters, as is.usual, when the wires complete their movement into the shed of the warp. an enlarged scale, a wirehead and a section Fig. 6 represents, on

of the holding-bar, showing their relation to each other after the wires are'inserted, and

while they li'e iin the cloth. The holding-bar The holding-bar is supported by a fixed stand, R the horizontal part of which is so formed as to allow said holding-bar to slide through it freely. Fig. 7 represents the stand 10 on an enlarged scale, with a side of its horizontal part removed, showing its relationto the holding-bar. side of the holding-bar, with which the depending end of a latch-spring,m engages,and

A notch, 1 is formed on the upper holds it in position during the proper working of the loom, though not so firmly but that an Y unusual pressure on the bar will cause it to slide in its stand.

Combined with the holding-bar is a leverarm, W, the rear end of which is supported by, and is capable of oscillating on, a stud, o affixed to the loom-frame, while its forward end rests on the rear end of the sliding bar, as shown at p in Fig. 2. The use of this leverarm is to support and guide the inner ends of the pile-wires when they enter the shed of the warp. q represents the shuttle in its relation to the holding-bar and the lGVGI ZLIlD at the time the shuttle is thrown. Now, it will be obvious that if the shuttle stops in its passage abreast of these devices, and the lay moves forward, it would be broken unless the devices were made capable of yielding, as above explained. All injury to the shuttle in such contingencies is prevented by the holding-"bar and the lever-arm assuming the position respectively represented in Fig. 8.

I will now describe the mode of stopping the loom when a pile-wire fails of, proper insertion, or the filling is unsupplied. The loomshipper 1' plies in the stand 8 as is usual, and is represented in the drawings in the position which it assumes when the loom is thrown out of gear. To put the loom in gear the shipper is moved to the rear end of the stand, where it is held by a notch in said stand, while the loom continues in operation. It may be disengaged from the notch to stop the loom by the weaver, or by a slight forward movement of the bar t, on which the stopping devices now to be described act. Detached views of these devices are given in Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. An axis, M is supported by, and is capable of oscillating in, bearings 21, as shown in Figs. 11 and 13. It has affixed to its outer end an upright lever-arm, 10, which, when moved forward, strikes against an arm, ml, affixed to the bar it, and. throws the loom out of gear. To the axis u another upright lever-arm, y, is affixed, which carries at its upper end a stud, 2, on which a latch-lever, a oscillates, the lever-arm 3 being limited in its movement toward the lay, and capable of being moved underthe action of a spring in the opposite direction. Another axis, 12 is also supported by, and is capable of oscillating in, the'bearings o, and has affixed to its inner end an upright lever-arm, 0 which, has a broad catch, 01 formed on its upper end. To the outer'end oftheaxis b a 1ever arm,e is affixed, which carries a cam-roller, f, on which a cam, 9 carried by the shaft d, acts, and vibrates the arm 0 From the hub of the latch-lever a before mentioned, bent-wires 11. project, as shown in Fig. 10. Whenthe lay moves forward to beat up the filling the bent wires enter a grid formed in the back part of the shuttle-box,and if a thread of filling at that time is unsupplied the latch-lever a remains at rest, and the catch d engages it and throws the loom out of gear. If, however, a thread of filling comes between the wires and the grid, it raises the latch-lever and allows the lever-arm e to move'forward without engaging it, and the loom will continue a motion. The mechanism thus described for stopping the loom when the filling'is unsupplied is substantially the same as that in' common use, and is well understood by weavers. This part of my invention consists in combining therewith a wire-stopping mechanism, where by the loom is thrown out of gear whcnevera pile-wire fails of proper insertion.

It may be understood as follows: A sliding bar, i is supported by, and is capable of sliding freely in, a fixed stand, j The bar has a notch, it, formed in its upper edge, in which the depending end of a latchspring, l rests and holds it in position, but not so firmly but that it will yield, and thus prevent injury to the shuttle in case it stops abreast of the bar and is pushed forward by the lay. These parts are clearly shown in Fig. 9, in which a side of the stand 3' is removed. In the forward end of the bar an axis, m oscillates, which has affixed to its ends, respectively, arms a and 0 the outer end of the arm 0 having a camprojection, F for the purpose hereinafter to be explained. 0n the stud 2, on

which the latch-lever a oscillates, as above.

explained, another latch-lever, g oscillates,

with which the catch d engages to stop the loom, inthe same manner as it engages with the latch-lever a When the latch-levers a and g are not tripped by their respective thread of filling or pile wire they rest on the top of the lever-arm 0 as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, and if either one of them remains in that position, when the lever-arm 0 is moved forward by the cam g it engages the catch d draws the upright lever-arm 3 forward, and throws the loom out of gear. seen that-to continue the loom in operation it is necessary that both the latch-levers should be tripped at the time the catch d is moved forward- The mode of tripping the latch-lever a by the filling I have already explained. The mode of tripping the latch-lever g by the pile-wire is as follows: On the upper side of the arm n a rod, 1, rests, while its upper end touches the under side of the latch-lever The rod is capable of sliding up and down in bearings 8 which project from the inner side of the upright lever-arm 0 By this connection it will be seen that when the cam projection 10 is depressed it will raise or trip the latch-lever The arm 0 is placed below the pile-wires 10 as represented in Figs. 4, 9, and 12, and the weight of latch-lever g and rod 1 presses it up against them. When a pile-wire is properly inserted in the shed of the warp,

and is carried forward to :the fell of the cloth by the lay, it glides upon the cam projection It will thus be which embody my invention as I have found them to work well in practice; but I do not intend to limit myself to the form and arrangement of them herein set forth, as they may be greatly varied in those respects and accomplish their 'ends by substantially the same means.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as. follows, viz:

1. In combination with the comber-board e and counterbalance weight m, the cams n and 0, arranged as described, wherebythe cam 12. elevates the comier-board and allows it to descend by the weight of the harness till it retreats from the knots of the harness-cords, when the cam 0 receivesthe pressure of the counterbalance-weight m, and raises it to the required position to depress the comber-board' to its lowest point, substantially as specified.

2. In combination with the mechanism herein represented and described for imparting a double-beat movement to the lay, consisting of the shaft 1:, arms 00, bars y, and arm ti the combination of mechanism herein represented and described for imparting a differential movement to the lay, consisting ofthe depending arm g and the connecting-bar, in two parts, I) and c co-operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of mechanism herein represented and described for holding the pile-wires in position,consisting of the stand 70 holding-bar i, and latch-spring m substantially, as and for the purposes specified.

4. In combination with the holding-bar t the lever-arm it, having its rear end supported by the fixed stud 0 and its forward end restwhen a pile-wire fails of proper insertion, consisting of the stand j sliding bar t ,,latchspring 1 arms a and 0 latch-lever g and rod 4.

ERASTUS B. BIGELOW.

Witnesses:

JOHN T. WHITMAN, ELIZA F. BIGELOW. 

